نوع مقاله : علمی-ترویجی

نویسندگان

• مهشید سادات اصلاحی ¹
• حمید اسدپور ²

¹ دانشجوی دکتری تاریخ ایران بعد از اسلام، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

² استادیار گروه تاریخ دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

سازمان زنان ایران به عنوان یک نهاد دولتی در سال 1345 تاسیس شد و فعالیت­های آن علاوه بر مددکاری و خیریه بیشتر متمرکز در امورزنان و خانواده بود. با آگاهی زنان از وجود این نهاد به تدریج شُعباتی در سایر شهرها ایجاد شد که هرکدام از آنها با توجه به امکانات و توانایی­های موجود، به جذب و عضویت زنان پرداختند. اصفهان از جمله  شهرهایی بود که از همان بدو تاسیس سازمان زنان ایران فعالیت خود را به صورت گسترده در سایر شهرستان­ها آغاز نمود. پژوهش حاضر با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و با تکیه بر اسناد سازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی، روزنامه­ها و نشریات درصدد پاسخ به این سوال است که سازمان زنان اصفهان و به طور اخص مراکز رفاه خانواده و کمسیون­های مختلف متشکل از زنان داوطلب چه عملکردی داشتند؟ نتایج پژوهش نشان می­دهد که چهار واحد مهدکودک، امورحقوقی، بهداشت و تنظیم خانواده و آموزش حرفه ای هرکدام بنا بر حیطه­ی تخصصی فعالیت خود، اقدامات موثری در پیشبرد اهداف سازمان زنان داشتند که واحد آموزش حرفه­ای نسبت به دیگر واحدها به دلیل ایجاد درآمد و اشتغال زایی عملکرد موفق­تری داشت. افزون بر آن، فعالیت­های زنان داوطلب سازمان زنان اصفهان در کمسیون­های مختلف نظیر مبارزه با بیسوادی، مشاوره حقوقی در روابط خانوادگی، مساعدت و حمایت در حل مشکلات زنان سبب بهبود وضعیت آنان شد. در کنار فعالیت­های فوق، همکاری زنان با شهرداری در رسیدگی به بهداشت محیط شهری و نظارت بر نرخ اجناس، سبب بهبود وضعیت شهری اصفهان گردید. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

• سازمان زنان ایران
• اصفهان
• دوره پهلوی
• مراکز رفاه خانواده
• زنان داوطلب
• کمسیون‌ها

Extended Abstract

Performance evaluation of Iranian women's organization

case study: Isfahan (1966-1978)

Charitable institutions and organizations in most societies are influenced by the political, social and economic conditions of their time and are formed. Their establishment and activities as a social movement are affected by the religious thoughts and beliefs of each society on the one hand and on the other hand by the way governments look at this issue. Iran Women's Organization was established as a government institution in 1966, and its activities were more focused on women's and family affairs in addition to work and charity. With the awareness of women about the existence of this institution, branches were gradually established in other cities, each of them, according to the available facilities and abilities, engaged in attracting and becoming members of women. Isfahan Women's Organization started its activities in 1966 and has branches in the subordinate cities of Isfahan province (Golpaygan, Khansar, Faridan, Homayunshahr (Khomeini Shahr), Najaf Abad, Shahreza, Semiram, Nain, Ardestan, Natanz, Mimeh, He was a voracious eater. In 1345, the organization encouraged working women to register and accept membership in the Isfahan Women's Organization, and only a number of people whose competence and personality were approved were introduced to the office of the Isfahan Women's Organization to participate in the elections. To contribute to social activities for the development of women's society. Mehnaz Afkhami, Minister of Counselor and Secretary General of Iran Women's Organization, appointed Dr. Nahid Sanei as the Secretary of Women's Organization of Isfahan province and representative of the Secretary General in 1355. The current research, using the descriptive-analytical method and relying on the documents of the National Library and Documents Organization, newspapers and publications, tries to answer the question of what is the performance of Isfahan Women's Organization and especially the family welfare centers and they had various commissions consisting of volunteer women? The background of the research in this matter is not very extensive. Malekzadeh in his article entitled "Women and Welfare-Health Charitable Institutions of Iran from the Constitution to the end of Pahlavi II" refers and analyzes extensively the efficiency of women in welfare and health charity activities. Hafezian in "Women's Organizations in Iran in the Pahlavi Era" examines the independence of women's organizations and political parties from the constitutional period to the Islamic Revolution. Malekzadeh and Idrisi in their article entitled "Performance of Iran's Women's Organization: A Case Study of Bushehr Province investigated the obstacles and problems of the women's organization of Bushehr Province and how they function in the social, cultural and economic spheres. Hassanpour et al. in the article "Analysis of the factors and motivations effective in the establishment of the Iranian women's organization" refers to the factors and reasons for the formation of this organization and finally to the goals of the government in the field of implementing women's programs. Of course, it should be acknowledged that other institutions were also working in the direction of helping families in need. For example, we can mention the Shir and Khushid Sorkh community that Sajjadi et al., in the article "Reviewing the performance of the Isfahan Shir and Khushid Sorkh community" on the effects of this institution's activity in organizing homeless and orphaned children. They have paid for Isfahan. The results of the research show that the four units of kindergarten, legal affairs, health and family planning, and professional training, each based on their specialized field of activity, had effective measures in advancing the goals of the women's organization, and the professional training unit compared to other units The reason for generating income and employment was more successful. The other half of the activities of Isfahan Women's Organization was carried out in the form of voluntary cooperation of women in various commissions. In fact, the reason for this was the use of free time, financial possibility and social awareness of women who were engaged in charity work for many years in addition to their professional activities. Women volunteers started their activity in these commissions based on their interests and experiences, and the awareness and demand of women's rights in different fields created the need for them to learn to read and write. Therefore, by attracting the necessary funds, the Education Commission was able to organize classes to combat illiteracy in the workplaces of women, especially in labor centers such as factories. Gradually, these classes were formed in other branches of Isfahan cities, and the activities of the legal and social counseling commission, by distributing pamphlets and holding legal meetings, introduced women to their duties and responsibilities.  The women's request for help and support from the women's organization was carried out in cooperation with the social work commission, so that the social worker could play an effective role in solving the problems with the cooperation of government institutions and organizations, and with the benevolent and benevolent activities of the families themselves support and support. The unfavorable health status of the urban environment and the lack of continuous control and supervision in the goods and food caused the women in the city and village improvement commission to cooperate diligently and actively with the municipality, and finally the Isfahan municipality was able to take effective measures with the necessary instructions and reminders. To improve the health of the environment and control the price of goods.

Key words: Iran Women's Organization, Isfahan, Pahlavi period, family welfare centers, volunteer women, commissions