Effective factors in the revival and prosperity of the Anatolian commercial economy during the Seljuks(Saljuqs) of Anatolia  period

Fazlibeygomghale, Samaneh; Shojaee_divkalaee, Seyed Hassan; Shajariqasemkheili, Reza

doi:10.30465/sehs.2024.47207.1955

Effective factors in the revival and prosperity of the Anatolian commercial economy during the Seljuks(Saljuqs) of Anatolia period

Document Type : .

Authors

Samaneh Fazlibeygomghale ¹

seyed Hassan Shojaee_divkalaee ²

Reza Shajariqasemkheili ³

¹ Am in History of Islam, University of Mazandaran, Iran

² Aaaitance prodessor of History.University 0f Mazandaran. Bbolsar. Iran.

³ Assistant Professor of History University of Mazandaran. Iran

https://doi.org/10.30465/sehs.2024.47207.1955

Abstract

Introduction:
Anatolia had a strategic position due to its location between the Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea and because of this position, it was the place of political competition for various governments such as the Hittites, the Lydians, the Persians, the Romans, the Byzantines, and the Turks. In addition, Anatolia was economically important because it was the closest communication route between East and West and the Silk Road also passed through it. Possession of such positions always leads regional powers to fight over the dominance of Anatolia. The arrival of the Seljuk Turks in Anatolia was part of the regional powers' attempt to dominate this region.
The attempt of the Seljuk Turks to dominate Anatolia was accompanied by continuous wars between the Muslims and the Byzantines for several centuries. The result of these wars was destruction and population reduction in this region. This incident caused the trade routes that passed through this area to lose their past importance. Nevertheless, the establishment of the Seljuks of Anatolia in Anatolia and the confirmation of their position in this region in the long term led to the prosperity and revival of the commercial economy of this region. This renaissance started with the reign of Qalich Arslan II and laid the groundwork for creating a new chapter in the life of the commercial economy of Anatolia.
In restoring Anatolia's international commercial position and its role as a transit bridge during the Seljuks of Anatolia era, the revival of Anatolia's internal commercial economy under the influence of the Seljuks of Anatolia government had a great role. Based on this, the aim of this research is to investigate the effective factors in the revival of the commercial economy of Anatolia during the Seljuks of Anatolia era. Based on this goal, this research aims to answer this question. What factors have been effective in the revival and prosperity of the commercial economy of Anatolia during the Seljuks of Anatolia period?
Methodology:
The purpose of this research is to investigate the effective factors in the revival of the commercial economy of Anatolia during the Seljuks of Anatolia period. The method used in this research is the historical research method. Historical research method is a method in which research is done on a specific topic that happened in the past and at a specific point in time. The researcher's effort in the historical research method is to present the past facts in an orderly and objective manner through collecting information, evaluating and checking the accuracy of this information, combining valid reasons and analyzing them, and defensible research results. draw conclusions in relation to the special assumptions of the research.
Findings, discussion and conclusion:
Since ancient era, Anatolia has become a center for international trade due to its geographical location in the vicinity of the Black and Mediterranean seas and because it was the connecting point and bridge between Asia and Europe. This commercial center declined due to the weakening of the Byzantine Empire on the eve of the Seljuks of Anatolia establishment in Anatolia. This decline intensified after the Seljuk wars with the Byzantine Empire and Anatolian local governments. Under such conditions, revival and prosperity of the Anatolian commercial economy was necessary for the Seljuks of Anatolia government.
This important thing was realized during the Seljuks of Anatolia era due to four factors that took place by the Seljuks of Anatolia sultans and their agents. Construction and public benefit measures such as the construction of caravanserais, zawiyas and bridges were one of the four factors effective in the revival and prosperity of the commercial economy of Anatolia. The conquest of commercial and coastal cities was another effective factor in the revival and prosperity of the commercial economy. The Seljuks of Anatolia tried to unify the commercial economy of Anatolia by capturing commercial cities and coastal cities of commercial importance under their rule, and by creating an integrated economic zone, they helped to revive and prosper the commercial economy of this region during their rule.
Affected by such factors During the Seljuks of Anatolia era the commercial economy of Anatolia was revived and regained its prosperity. It was while the commercial economy of Anatolia as a result of the continuous wars between the Muslims and the Byzantines for several centuries suffered destruction, decreased population and lost its past commercial position and importance in the world economy as a bridge between Europe and Asia Before the establishment of Seljuks of Anatolia rule in Anatolia. As a result of the realization of this important during the Seljuks of Anatolia era, Anatolia was able to revive its position as one of the international trade centers on the open silk trade route. After the establishment of the Seljuks of Anatolia government and as a result of this government's actions to promote the commercial economy of this region, Anatolia gained its position as one of the international trade centers along the Silk Road.

Keywords

Seljuks of Anatolia

trade

Anatolia

public benefit measures

commercial facilities

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