Brown, S. (1988). “Ecbatana,” Encyclopaedia Iranica. Edited by Ehsan Yarshater. Routledge & Kegan Paul. London and New York. Vol. VIII. pp. 80-84.
Dandamayev, M. A and E. A. Grantovskii. (1987). “The Kingdom of Assyria and its relations with Iran,” Encyclopaedia Iranica. Edited by Ehsan Yarshater. Routledge & Kegan Paul. London. Boston and Henly. Vol. II. pp. 806-815.
Delaunay, J. A. (1987). “Assarhaddon,” Encyclopaedia Iranica. Edited by Ehsan Yarshater. Routledge & Kegan Paul. London. Boston and Henly. Vol. II. pp. 803-805.
Goff, C. (1969). “Excavation at Baba-Jan, 1967: 2nd preliminary report,” Iran. vol. VII. pp. 115-130.
Goff, C. (1970). “Excavation at Baba-Jan, 1968: 3nd preliminary report,” Iran. vol. VIII. 1970. pp. 141-156.
Goff, C. (1977). “Excavation at Baba-Jan:The architecture of the East Mound. Levels II and III,” Iran. vol. XV. pp. 103-140.
Goff, C. (1978). “Excavation at Baba-Jan:The pottery and metal from levels III and II,” Iran. vol. XVI. pp. 29-65.
Goff, C. (1985). “Excavation at Baba-Jan:The Architecture and pottery of level I,” Iran. vol. XXII. pp. 1-20.
Graf, D. F. (1984). “Medism: The Origin and Significance of the Term,” Journal of Hellenic Studies CIV. pp. 15-30.
Grayson, A. K. (1991). “Assyria: Tiglath-pileser III to Sargon II (745-705 B.C),” The Cambridge Ancient History III 2/2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C., ed. by: J. Boardman et al., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 71-102.
Harmatta, J. (1971). “The Rise of the Old Persian Empire,” Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 19. pp. 3-15.
Helm, P. R. (1981). “Herodotus Medikos Logos and Median History,” Iran. vol. 19. pp. 85-91.
Henkelman, W. (2003). “Persians, Medes and Elamites Acculturation in the Neo-Elamite Period,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 181-231.
Jursa, M. (2003). “Observation on the problem of the Median Empire on the basis of Babylonian sources,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 169-179.
Lanfranchi, G. B. (2003). “The Assyria expansion in the Zagros and the local ruling elites,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 79-118.
Lenine, L. D. (1973). “Geographical Studies in the Neo-Assyrian Zagros -1,” Iran. vol. XI. pp. 1-27.
Lenine, L. D. (1974). “Geographical Studies in the Neo-Assyrian Zagros -I1,” Iran. vol. XII. pp. 99-122.
Liverani, M. (2003). “The Rise and Fall of Media,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 1-12.
Luckenbill, D. D. (1926-1927). Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia. 2 vols. Chicago.
Muscarella, O. W. (1987). “Median Art and Medizing Scholarship,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 46. pp. 109-126.
Oates, J. (1991). “The fall of Assyria (635-609 B.C.),” The Cambridge Ancient History III 2/2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C., ed. by: J. Boardman et al., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 162-198.
Oppenheim, A. Leo. (1969). “Babylonian and Assyrian Historical Texts,” in: Pitchard, J. B. (ed.). Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Princetion.
Rander, K. (2003). “An Assyria view on the Medes,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 37-46.
Rollinger, R. (2003). “The Western Expansion of the Median Empire: A Re-Examination,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 289-320.
Schmitt, R. (1996). “Deuices”, Encyclopaedia Iranica. edited by Ehsan Yarshater. Mazda Publishers. Costa Mesa. California. Vol. VII. pp. 226-227.
Schmitt, Rüdiger. (1991). The Bisitun Inscription of Darius the Great: Old Persian text. London.
Stronach, D. (2003). “Independent Media: Archaeological notes from the homeland,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 233-248.
Stronach, D. (1969). “Excavation at Tepe Nush-i-Jan, 1967,” Iran. vol. VII. pp. 1-20.
Stronach, D. (1968-1969). “Tepe Nush-i-Jan. A Mound in Media,” Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. vol. XXVII. pp. 177-186.
Stronach, D. (2003). “Tepe Nush-i-Jan: A case for building rites in 7th/6th Century B.C.Media?,” Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Symposium on Archaelogical Research in Iran. ed. by:F. Bagherzadeh. Tehran. pp. 223-238.
Stronach, D. and M. Roaf. (1978). “Excavation at Tepe Nush-i-Jan. Third interim report,” Iran. vol. XVI. pp. 1-28.
Stronach, D. and M. Roaf. (1973). “Tepe Nush-i-Jan 1970: Second interim report,” Iran. vol. XI. pp. 129-140.
Wiesehofer, J. (2003). “The Medes and the idea of the succession of empires in antiquity,” in: G. B. Lanfranchi, M. Roaf & R. Rollinger (ed.). Continuity of Empire (?) Assyria, Media, Persia, Padova. pp. 391-396.
Wieseman, D. J. (1958). “The Vassal Treaties of Esarhaddon,” Iraq. vol. XX. pp. 1-96.
Young, T. C. (1967). “The Iranian Migration in to the Zagros,” Iran. vol. V. pp. 11-34.
Young, T. C. (1969). “Excavation at Godin Tepe: First Progress report,” Toronto.
Young, T. C. and L. D. Levine. (1974). “Excavation at the Godin Project: Second Progress report,” Toronto.