Document Type : .

Author

• Soraya Shahsavari

Assistant professor of history,Payam noor university, Tehran.Iran

Abstract

With the development of diplomatic relations between the two governments of Iran and the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century, the presence of Iranians in the holy cities of Iraq also expanded. The Ottoman government did not have a positive attitude towards the presence of Iranians in Iraq. It tried to limit the conditions for the presence of Iranian citizens in Iraq by enforcing some political and social. Law on the Acceptance of Ottoman Citizenship, Prohibition of Iranians Marrying Ottoman Women, and Compulsory Military Service for Iranian-born Women
Were among these goals.
The reluctance of Iranian citizens to accept such laws imposed by the Ottoman government, on the one hand, and the strictness of Ottoman officials in enforcing them, on the other, were among the issues that made the situation of Iranian citizens living in Atbat in the nineteenth century difficult. In this research, a descriptive, analytical method based on documents in the archives of the two countries answered the question:
1. What was the Ottoman government's approach to enforcing social laws in Iraq?
Ottoman government in Iraq thought that the Iranian government was behind the scenes of Shiite political and religious activities in Iraq.
There are Shiite political and religious groups in Iraq and the lack of monitoring of Iranian activities there will make the Iranian nation stronger and threaten the Ottoman identity in this part of the territory under their rule. They never had a favorable opinion of the presence of Iranians in the holy cities of Iraq.

Keywords

• Citizenship
• High Certificates
• Marriage Prohibition
• Military Service